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Vandag twyfel baie mense wat die Bybel werklik oor homoseksualteit sê en of mens nie dié dele in die Bybel anders kan interpreteer nie.
Argument
In die artikel The Word “Homosexual” Does Not Appear In The Bible [Pre-1946] word geredeneer dat die woord “homoseksualiteit” nie voor 1946 in die Bybel voorkom nie. Oor 1 Korintiërs 6:9, sê die Nuwe Testamentikus, David Bentley Hart, die volgende:
“A man who is malakos is either “soft” – in any number of senses: self-indulgent, dainty, cowardly…physically weak – or “gentle” – in various largely benign senses: delicate, mild, etc. Some translators of the New Testament take it here to mean the passive partner in male homoerotic acts, but that is an unwarranted supposition.
“Precisely what an arsenokoites is has long been a matter of speculation and argument. Literally, it means a man who “beds” – that is, “couples with” – “males.” But, there is no evidence of its use before Paul’s text.
Paulus gebruik die woord “malakos” om na mans te verwys wat hulle baarde geskeer het of wat lang hare gedra het. Daarom moet ons eerder hierdie stelling in dieselfde mandjie plaas met ’n paar van Paulus se ander stellings [in dieselfde Korintiërs brief] dat vroue hul koppe moet bedek wanneer hulle bid of dat almal mekaar met ’n heilige kus moet groet. Hierdie is kulturele norme wat Paulus die eerste-eeuse Korintiërs kon vra om in stand te hou, maar dat ons, wat in die 21ste eeu leef, vry is om te verontagsaam.
Kommentaar
Daar is vyf tekste in die Bybel wat baie duidelik spesifiek homosekualiteit veroordeel:
- Levitikus 18:22
- Levitikus 20:13
- Romeine 1:27
- 1 Korintiërs 6:9-10
- 1 Timoteus 1:9-10
Genesis 19:5-7 en Rigters 19:22 verwys ook na homoseksualiteit, maar ’n mens kan redeneer dat hierdie gaan oor verkragtig, nie ’n homoseksuele verhouding nie.
Hier onder word bogenoemde vyf gedeeltes in die Bybel geëvalueer deur gebruik te maak van die volgende Bybelvertalings:
- AFR53: Afrikaanse ou vertaling (1953)
- AFR83: Afrikaanse nuwe vertaling (1983)
- AFR20: Afrikaanse direkte vertaling
- ASV: American standard version
- ESV: English standard version
- KJV: King James version (met die Strongs konkordansie)
Evaluering
Die twee tekste in Levitikus is baie duidelik oor homoseksualiteit, soos hier onder gewys word.
AFR53: (22)Met ’n manspersoon mag jy ook geen gemeenskap hê soos ’n mens met ’n vrou het nie. Dit is ’n gruwel.
AFR83: (22)Jy mag nie ’n homoseksuele verhouding hê nie. Dit is ’n afstootlike sonde.
AFR20: (22)By ‘n man mag jy nie slaap soos jy by ‘n vrou slaap nie. Dit is iets afstootliks.
ASV: (22)Thou shalt not lie with mankind, as with womankind: it is abomination.
ESV: (22)You shall not lie with a male as with a woman; it is an abomination.
KJV: (22)Thou shalt not lieH7901 with mankind,H2145 as with womankind:H802 it is abomination.H8441
| H7901 | shâkab | shaw-kab’ | A primitive root; to lie down (for rest, sexual connection, decease or any other purpose): – X at all, cast down, ([over-]) lay (self) (down), (make to) lie (down, down to sleep, still, with), lodge, ravish, take rest, sleep, stay. |
| H2145 | zâkâr | zaw-kawr’ | From H2142; properly remembered, that is, a male (of man or animals, as being the most noteworthy sex): – X him, male, man (child, -kind). |
| H802 | ‘ishshâh nâshı̂ym | ish-shaw’, naw-sheem’ | The first form is the feminine of H376 or H582; the second form is an irregular plural; a woman (used in the same wide sense as H582).: – [ulled w]ess, each, every, female, X many, + none, one, + together, wife, woman. Often unexpressed in English. |
| H8441 | tô‛êbah tô‛êbah | to-ay-baw’, to-ay-baw’ | Feminine active participle of H8581; properly something disgusting (morally), that is, (as noun) an abhorrence; especially idolatry or (concretely) an idol: – abominable (custom, thing), abomination. |
Let ook daarop dat feitlik ál die voorskrifte in Levitikus 18 vandag nog net so geldig is.
AFR53: (13)En as ’n man met ’n manspersoon gemeenskap het soos ’n mens met ’n vrou het, het hulle altwee iets gruweliks gedoen. Hulle moet sekerlik gedood word. Hulle bloedskuld is op hulle.
AFR83: (13)Twee mans wat homoseksueel verkeer, doen ’n afskuwelike sonde. Hulle moet doodgemaak word. Hulle verdien die dood.
AFR20: (13)As daar iemand is wat by ‘n manlike persoon slaap soos by ‘n vrou, het hulle albei iets afstootliks gedoen. Hulle moet beslis sterf. Hulle bloedskuld is op hulle.
ASV: (13)And if a man lie with mankind, as with womankind, both of them have committed abomination: they shall surely be put to death; their blood shall be upon them.
ESV: (13)If a man lies with a male as with a woman, both of them have committed an abomination; they shall surely be put to death; their blood is upon them.
KJV: (13)If a manH376 also lieH7901 with mankind,H2145 as he liethH4904 with a woman,H802 both of them have committed an abomination:H8441 they shall surely be put to death;H4191 their blood shall be upon them.
| H376 | ‘ı̂ysh | eesh | Contracted for H582 (or perhaps rather from an unused root meaning to be extant); a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation.) : – also, another, any (man), a certain, + champion, consent, each, every (one), fellow, [foot-, husband-] man, (good-, great, mighty) man, he, high (degree), him (that is), husband, man [-kind], + none, one, people, person, + steward, what (man) soever, whoso (-ever), worthy. Compare H802. |
| H7901 | shâkab | shaw-kab’ | A primitive root; to lie down (for rest, sexual connection, decease or any other purpose): – X at all, cast down, ([over-]) lay (self) (down), (make to) lie (down, down to sleep, still, with), lodge, ravish, take rest, sleep, stay. |
| H2145 | zâkâr | zaw-kawr’ | From H2142; properly remembered, that is, a male (of man or animals, as being the most noteworthy sex): – X him, male, man (child, -kind). |
| H4904 | mishkâb | mish-kawb’ | From H7901; a bed (figuratively a bier); abstractly sleep; by euphemism carnal intercourse: – bed ([-chamber]), couch, lieth (lying) with. |
| H802 | ‘ishshâh nâshı̂ym | ish-shaw’, naw-sheem’ | The first form is the feminine of H376 or H582; the second form is an irregular plural; a woman (used in the same wide sense as H582).: – [ulled w]ess, each, every, female, X many, + none, one, + together, wife, woman. Often unexpressed in English. |
| H8441 | tô‛êbah tô‛êbah | to-ay-baw’, to-ay-baw’ | Feminine active participle of H8581; properly something disgusting (morally), that is, (as noun) an abhorrence; especially idolatry or (concretely) an idol: – abominable (custom, thing), abomination. |
| H4191 | mûth | mooth | A primitive root; to die (literally or figuratively); causatively to kill: – X at all, X crying, (be) dead (body, man, one), (put to, worthy of) death, destroy (-er), (cause to, be like to, must) die, kill, necro [-mancer], X must needs, slay, X surely, X very suddenly, X in [no] wise. |
AFR53: (27)en net so het ook die manne die natuurlike verkeer met die vrou laat vaar en in hulle wellus teenoor mekaar ontbrand: manne het met manne skandelikheid bedrywe en in hulleself die noodwendige vergelding van hulle dwaling ontvang.
AFR83: (27)Net so laat vaar die mans ook die natuurlike omgang met die vrou en brand van begeerte vir mekaar. Mans pleeg skandelikhede met mans en bring oor hulleself die verdiende straf vir hulle perversiteit.
AFR20: (27)net so het ook die mans die natuurlike omgang met die vrou laat vaar en in hulle lus vir mekaar ontbrand; mans het met mans skaamgeloosheid bedryf en in hulleself die vergelding ontvang wat hulle vir hulle dwaling moes ontvang.
ASV: (27)and likewise also the men, leaving the natural use of the woman, burned in their lust one toward another, men with men working unseemliness, and receiving in themselves that recompense of their error which was due.
ESV: (27)and the men likewise gave up natural relations with women and were consumed with passion for one another, men committing shameless acts with men and receiving in themselves the due penalty for their error.
KJV: (27)And likewise also the men,G730 leaving the natural useG5540 of the woman,G2338 burnedG1572 in their lustG3715 one toward another;G240 G1519 menG730 with menG730 workingG2716 that which is unseemly,G808 and receivingG618 in themselves that recompenceG489 of their errorG4106 which was meet.G1163
| G730 | arrhēn arsēn | ar’-hrane, ar’-sane | Probably from G142; male (as stronger for lifting): – male, man. |
| G5540 | chrēsis | khray’-sis | From G5530; employment, that is, (specifically) sexual intercourse (as an occupation of the body): – use. |
| G2338 | thēlus | thay’-loos | From the same as G2337; female: – female, woman. |
| G1572 | ekkaiō | ek-kah’-yo | From G1537 and G2545; to inflame deeply: – burn. |
| G3715 | orexis | or’-ex-is | From G3713; excitement of the mind, that is, longing after: – lust. |
| G2716 | Katergazomai | kat-er-gad’-zom-ahee | From G2596 and G2038; to work fully, that is, accomplish; by implication to finish, fashion: – cause, do (deed), perform, work (out). |
| G808 | aschēmosunē | as-kay-mos-oo’-nay | From G809; an indecency; by implication the pudenda: – shame, that which is unseemly. |
AFR53: (9)Of weet julle nie dat die onregverdiges die koninkryk van God nie sal beërwe nie? (10)Moenie dwaal nie! Geen hoereerders of afgodedienaars of egbrekers of wellustelinge of sodomiete of diewe of gierigaards of dronkaards of kwaadsprekers of rowers sal die koninkryk van God beërwe nie.
AFR83: (9)Of weet julle nie dat mense wat onreg doen, geen deel sal kry aan die koninkryk van God nie? Moenie julleself mislei nie: geen onsedelikes of afgodsdienaars of egbrekers of mense wat homoseksualiteit beoefen (10)of diewe of geldgieriges of dronkaards of kwaadpraters of bedrieërs sal deel kry aan die koninkryk van God nie.
AFR20: (9)Weet julle nie dat onregverdiges die koninkryk van God nie sal beërf nie? Laat julle nie mislei nie: Geen hoereerders of afgodedienaars of egbrekers of manlike prostitute of mans wat met mans intiem verkeer, (10)of diewe, geldgieriges, dronkaards, kwaadpraters of rowers, sal die koninkryk van God as erfdeel ontvang nie.
ASV: (9)Or know ye not that the unrighteous shall not inherit the kingdom of God? Be not deceived: neither fornicators, nor idolaters, nor adulterers, nor effeminate, nor abusers of themselves with men, (10)nor thieves, nor covetous, nor drunkards, nor revilers, nor extortioners, shall inherit the kingdom of God.
ESV: (9)Or do you not know that the unrighteous will not inherit the kingdom of God? Do not be deceived: neither the sexually immoral, nor idolaters, nor adulterers, nor men who practice homosexuality, (10)nor thieves, nor the greedy, nor drunkards, nor revilers, nor swindlers will inherit the kingdom of God.
KJV: (9)Know ye not that the unrighteousG94 shall not inheritG2816 the kingdomG932 of God? Be not deceived: neither fornicators, nor idolaters, nor adulterers, nor effeminate,G3120 nor abusers of themselves with mankind,G733 (10)Nor thieves, nor covetous, nor drunkards, nor revilers, nor extortioners, shall inherit the kingdom of God.
| G94 | adikos | ad’-ee-kos | From G1 (as a negative particle) and G1349; unjust; by extension wicked; by implication treacherous; specifically heathen: – unjust, unrighteous. |
| G2816 | klēronomeō | klay-ron-om-eh’-o | From G2818; to be an heir to (literally or figuratively): – be heir, (obtain by) inherit (-ance). |
| G932 | basileia | bas-il-i’-ah | From G935; properly royalty, that is, (abstractly) rule, or (concretely) a realm (literally or figuratively): – kingdom, + reign. |
| G3120 | malakos | mal-ak-os’ | Of uncertain affinity; soft, that is, fine (clothing); figuratively a catamite: – effeminate, soft. |
| G733 | arsenokoitēs | ar-sen-ok-oy’-tace | From G730 and G2845; a sodomite: – abuser of (that defile) self with mankind. |
In How is the Greek word “malakoi” translated in the NIV? word die volgende gesê:
In 1 Corinthians 6:9 Paul uses two words together that the NIV has rendered “men who have sex with men.” The first word, “malakoi”, means “soft.” But this Greek word was often used to refer to the passive partner in a male homosexual relationship. The standard Greek lexicon for the New Testament defines the word in 1 Corinthians 6:9 as meaning “being passive in a same-sex relationship.” We can be pretty sure this is what this word refers to here because it is used in combination with another Greek word, “arsenokoitai”, that refers to sex between males. Words always take on particular meanings because of the context in which they are used. The context here makes clear that these two Greek words are being used to depict, respectively, the passive and active partner in a male-with-male sexual relationship. Hence the NIV translation “men who have sex with men.”
AFR53: (9)en as hy weet dat die wet nie gegee is vir die regverdige nie, maar vir die wettelose en tugtelose mense, goddelose en sondaars, onheiliges en ongewydes, vadermoorders en moedermoorders, moordenaars, (10)hoereerders, sodomiete, mensediewe, leuenaars, meinediges en wat daar anders met die gesonde leer in stryd is,
AFR83: (9)’n Mens moet onthou dat die wet nie vir die wetsgehoorsame bedoel is nie, maar vir mense wat hulle nie aan wet en orde steur nie, goddeloses en sondaars, mense sonder eerbied vir wat heilig en gewyd is, dié wat vader of moeder doodmaak, moordenaars, (10)ontugtiges, mense wat homoseksualiteit beoefen, ontvoerders, leuenaars, dié wat meineed pleeg of enigiets anders doen wat met die gesonde leer in stryd is.
AFR20: (9)en in gedagte hou dat die wet nie vir ’n regverdige persoon daar is nie, maar vir wettteloses en ongehoorsames, goddeloses en dondaars, dié wat nie godsdienstig is nie en wêrelds, dié wat hulle vaders vermoor en hulle moeders vermoor, dié wat mense vermoor, (10)seksueel immoreles, homoseksuele, slawehandelaars, leuenaars, dié wat meineed pleeg, of iets anders wat met die regte leer in stryd is.
ASV: (9)as knowing this, that law is not made for a righteous man, but for the lawless and unruly, for the ungodly and sinners, for the unholy and profane, for murderers of fathers and murderers of mothers, for manslayers, (10)for fornicators, for abusers of themselves with men, for menstealers, for liars, for false swearers, and if there be any other thing contrary to the sound doctrine;
ESV: (9)understanding this, that the law is not laid down for the just but for the lawless and disobedient, for the ungodly and sinners, for the unholy and profane, for those who strike their fathers and mothers, for murderers, (10)the sexually immoral, men who practice homosexuality, enslavers, liars, perjurers, and whatever else is contrary to sound doctrine
KJV: (9)Knowing this, that the law is not made for a righteous man, but for the lawless and disobedient, for the ungodlyG765 and for sinners,G268 for unholyG462 and profane,G952 for murderers of fathersG3964 and murderers of mothers,G3389 for manslayers,G409 (10)For whoremongers,G4205 for them that defile themselves with mankind,G733 for menstealers,G405 for liars, for perjured persons,G1965 and if there be any other thing that is contraryG480 to soundG5198 doctrine;G1319
| G733 | arsenokoitēs | ar-sen-ok-oy’-tace | From G730 and G2845; a sodomite: – abuser of (that defile) self with mankind. |
| G730 | arrhēn arsēn | ar’-hrane, ar’-sane | Probably from G142; male (as stronger for lifting): – male, man. |
| G2845 | koitē | koy’-tay | From G2749; a couch; by extension cohabitation; by implication the male sperm: – bed, chambering, X conceive. |
| G142 | airō | ah’ee-ro | A primary verb; to lift; by implication to take up or away; figuratively to raise (the voice), keep in suspense (the mind); specifically to sail away (that is, weigh anchor); by Hebraism (compare [H5375]) to expiate sin: – away with, bear (up), carry, lift up, loose, make to doubt, put away, remove, take (away, up). |
Gevolgtrekking
Dit is baie duidelik dat al vyf gedeeltes in die Bybel baie duidelik is daaroor dat homoseks sonde is.