| Hoekom is daar soveel wetenskaplikes wat aan evolusie glo? |
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| Woensdag, 21 Julie 2010 22:31 |
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Evolusie het die meerderheid wetenskaplikes in hulle guns, maar skepping het die meerderheid feite in sy guns... As evolusie en miljoene jare nie waar is nie, hoekom is daar soveel wetenskaplikes wat dit glo? Wetenskaplikes is mos objektiewe mense, of hoe? ‘n Mens moet egter onthou dat dit nie ‘n geldige argument is om te sê dat jy aan iets glo omdat soveel ander mense dit glo, nie. Dit sal dieselfde wees as om te sê dat ek ‘n ding op ‘n bepaalde manier doen omdat almal voor my dit so gedoen het. Ateïste sou ook bitter min dink van die argument dat daar wel 'n God is omdat die meeste mense in die wêreld aan 'n god glo of dat die Bybel waar moet wees omdat dit die boek is wat die meeste in die wêreld verkoop word. Verder is die Bybel ook duidelik daaroor dat die meerderheid soms verkeerd is:
Ander wetenskaplikesWetenskaplikes wat twyfel in evolusie, aanvaar dit baiekeer slegs omdat soveel ander wetenskaplikes dit glo. As jy vir ‘n evolusiewetenskaplike sou vra waar in sy veld hy bewys vir evolusie sien, sal hy heel moontlik vir jou sê dat hy dit nie soseer in sy veld sien nie, maar dat dit in die ander velde duidelik is. Kyk New four-winged feathered dinosaur?: Feduccia is ‘n kenner op paleo-ontologie (voëlfossiele), maar noem koring (wat verander in koring) as voorbeeld van evolusie. Dr Russell Humphreys het ‘n artikel presies hieroor geskryf Why Most Scientists Believe the World is Old waar hy ’n werklike voorbeeld gebruik van iemand waarmee hy gepraat het. Hy som dit baie mooi op met die volgende woorde: There is a little-known irony in the controversy between creationists and evolutionists about the age of the world. The majority of scientists—the evolutionists—rely on a minority of the relevant data. Yet a minority of scientists—the creationists—use the majority of the relevant data. Adding to the irony is the public's wrong impression that it is the other way around. Therefore, many ask: 'If the evidence is so strongly for a young earth, why do most scientists believe otherwise?' The answer is simple: Most scientists believe the earth is old because they believe most other scientists believe the earth is old! (Terloops, evolusie en miljoene jare is gekoppel: jy kan nie evolusie hê sonder baie lang tydperke nie, dus sal hulle miljoene jare sterk steun.) Selfs al sou wetenskaplikes besef dat daar nie bewyse is vir evolusie of ‘n ou aarde nie, is dit baie moeilik om teen die hoofstroom in te gaan. Dit word eweknie druk (“Peer pressure”) genoem. Kyk:
Word aangebied as feitOp skool en universiteit word studente nie geleer om evolusie te bevraagteken nie, maar om dit te aanvaar as feit. Die volgende is geskryf op http://www.kerknieuws.nl/nieuws.asp?oId=19496 op 15 Desember 2010, 15:40 deur CACHIMBO (84.27.27.xxx) (vertaal van Nederlands na Afrikaans): Feit is dat: daar is oorweldigende bewyse ten gunste van die skepping. Waarom verwerp baie mense die skepping en aanvaar in plaas daarvan evolusie? 'n Rede vind ons in wat hulle op skool geleer word. Die handboeke staan byna altyd evolusie voor. Die leerling hoor selde of nooit teenargumente. In werklikheid word argumente teen evolusie gewoonlik teruggehou uit die skool se handboeke. Evolusie word nie as ‘n teorie aan kinders voorgehou nie. Al in graad 2 word subtiele kommentaar gelewer. Evolusie word as 'n realiteit behandel, en nie as' n idee dat mens aan 'n beoordeling kan onderwerp nie. Op gesag van die onderwysstelsel word dus geloof "afgedwing." (Iets wat geen enkele regeringslid uitstaan) Met betrekking tot evolusie-onderrig in die hoër klasse is dit so dat: Die leerling word nie toegelaat om 'n persoonlike oortuiging te "besit" of te "uiter" nie: doen die leerling dit wel, dan word hy blootgestel aan bespotting of kritiek van die kant van die dosent(e). Dikwels waag die leerling die kans dat sy studie daaronder mag ly, omdat sy siening nie korrek is nie - iets wat baie ouers/voogde NIE weet nie. Nie net die onderwys is deurtrek van evolusionistiese denke nie, maar alle gebiede van die natuurwetenskap en ook ander terreine, soos geskiedenis en filosofie. In boeke, tydskrifartikels, films en televisieprogramme etcetera etcetera word evolusie as 'n definitiewe feit behandel. Dikwels hoor of lees ons woorde soos: "Toe die mens uit die laer diere geëvolueer het", of: "Miljoene jare gelede, toe die lewe in die oseane geëvolueer het". Mense word dus gekondisioneer om evolusie as 'n feit te aanvaar, en bewys vir die teendeel bly ongemerk. Leerlinge word soms "VERPLIG" om na sekere (evolusie) films kyk en homself hierop voor te berei tydens die eksamendag... En as iets lank genoeg verkondig word, word dit naderhand feit. Hitler het die volgende gesê: "As jy 'n leuen lank genoeg, hard genoeg en gereeld genoeg vertel, sal mense dit begin glo." ("If you tell a lie long enough, loud enough and often enough, people will believe it.")
Die media se aandeelDie media bied evolusie en miljoene jare ook as feit aan. Verder is die media ook skuldig daaraan om op loop te gaan met ’n nuwe ontdekking en maak baie vinnige gevolgtrekkings waarmee selfs evolusioniste nie saamstem nie. Dit gee baie mense die indruk dat die hele wetenskapsgemeenskap daaroor saamstem. Kyk:
Word nooit gewys vanuit ‘n Bybelse raamwerk nieMense word nooit gewys hoe dinge wel in ‘n Bybelse raamwerk kan inpas as jy die regte figuurlike bril aansit nie. Die paradigma word reeds van vroeg by mense gekweek dat die Bybel nie ooreenstem met die werklikheid nie. Hierdie paradigma is meestal so sterk dat selfs al is die bewyse teen evolusie duidelik, sal dit bloot ignoreer word. Kyk bv Still soft and stretchy.
Evolusie word sterk befonds, skeppingsleer nieUniversiteite word betaal vir nuwe uitvindings, solank dit evolusie of die oerknal bevorder. ’n Sekulêre wêreld gaan nie bewyse vir die Bybel bevorder nie. Die volgende is aangehaal uit Secular scientists blast the big bang: “An open exchange of ideas is lacking in most mainstream conferences … doubt and dissent are not tolerated, and young scientists learn to remain silent if they have something negative to say about the standard big bang model. Those who doubt the big bang fear that saying so will cost them their funding.” En uit If we resemble apes, does that mean we evolved from apes?: No scientist would ever succeed in getting funding from major federal or private sources to investigate if evolution has really occurred or not. The evolutionist Richard Leaky approached the National Geographic Society to get funding to look for the ape ancestors of man, not to investigate if man evolved from apes. It is interesting to note that when the Society gave Leaky his funds, he was warned: “If you find nothing you are never to come begging at our door again.” En ten spyte daarvan, sukkel evolusioniste nogsteeds (Uit Evolutionary equivocation): “The final question of the night, however, spoke volumes to me. One gentleman (apparently sympathetic to Myers’ position) asked Myers why he thought evolutionists were “losing the pop culture war” to creationists. Given the stranglehold evolutionists have on nearly every government-funded educational institution and museum in the western world, not to mention the deluge of evolution-based movies and television programs emanating from the media, that question alone led me to wonder, How, if evolution is such an undeniable fact supported by overwhelming evidence, could evolutionists be “losing the pop culture war” so easily, even by their own admission?”
DiskriminasieWetenskap gaan soms meer oor konsensus as wat dit gaan oor die waarheid (kyk Science ... a reality check). Dit lei soms tot baie diskriminasie teen wetenskaplikes wat selfs net sê dat daar ‘n intelligente ontwerper moes wees, vergeet van mense wat in ‘n jong aarde glo. Die volgende aanhaling uit Creationism, Science and Peer Review demonstreer hierdie diskriminasie en vooropgestelde idees: “...such prejudice is openly admitted and defended by Karl Giberson, editor of Research News & Opportunities in Science and Theology: ‘If an editor chooses to publish a hostile review of a book, common politeness would suggest that the author ought to have some space to respond. But editors have a “higher calling” than common politeness, namely the editorial mission and guidelines that inform every decision as to what will be printed and what will be rejected. I have learned, since becoming the editor of Research News, common politeness is often in tension with editorial priorities … In my editorial judgment, the collection of ideas known as “scientific creationism” (which is not the same as intelligent design) lacks the credibility to justify publishing any submissions that we get from its adherents. I would go even further, in fact. The collection of creationist ideas (6,000 year old earth, no common ancestry, all the fossils laid down by Noah's flood, Genesis creation account read literally, etc.) has been so thoroughly discredited by both scientific and religious scholarship that I think it is entirely appropriate for Research News to print material designed to move our readers away from this viewpoint. For example, we might publish a negative review of a book promoting scientific creationism … while refusing to allow the author a chance to respond. Is this an unfair bias? Or is it proper stewardship of limited editorial resources?’” [My onderstreping] Die volgende gedeelte word aangehaal uit Darwin Skeptics: A Select List of Science Academics, Scientists, and Scholars Who are Skeptical of Darwinism: “On my public list I have well over 2,000 names, including about a dozen Nobel Prize winners but, unfortunately, a large number of persons that could be added to the public list, including many college professors, did not want their name listed because of real concerns over possible retaliation or harm to their careers. Many of those who did not want their names on this list are young academics without tenure, or academics who are concerned that “outing” them could seriously damage their career. This is a valid concern.” En daar word nie net teenoor intellente ontwerpers en/of skeppingsleerders gediskrimineer nie, maar ook teenoor ander – bv wetenskaplikes wat nie glo dat globale verhitting/aardverwarming ‘n probleem is nie. Michael Behe sê bv in The mousetrap man: Interview with Mike Behe: Die volgende artikels gee nog voorbeelde van diskriminasie:
MisleidingsVorige misleidings het ‘n groot rol gespeel dat evolusie as feit aanvaar is. Misleidings sluit in:
Toe die misleidings egter later bekend gemaak is, was dit te laat – toe is evolusie reeds te ver gevorder. Kyk From (theistic) evolution to creation: “’I have every sympathy with those Christians of a past generation who felt compelled to try to find a way to cope with evolution. For them, there seemed to be very little choice—all the science they were told of pointed to evolution—the alleged long age of the earth, Piltdown man, and so on.’” “Sadly, Piltdown man, a cleverly conceived hoax which seemed to have been a powerful influencing factor in Arthur Rendle Short’s acceptance of evolution, was only revealed as a fraud in December 1953, some two months after Prof’s father died.” Vandag nog word swak argumente en halwe waarhede vertel. Kyk byvoorbeeld die volgende resensie oor Richard Dawkins se nuwe boek, The Greatest Show on Earth: The Evidence for Evolution: Darwinopterus v Dawkins. Mense weet nie altyd dat hulle mislei is nie – hulle sal bv dink dat verskillende hondespesies bewys is vir evolusie. Mense sal ook dink dat evolusie wetenskaplik is en dit vergelyk kan word met bv gravitasie (kyk Operasionele vs Historiese wetenskap). Kyk ook:
Die wetenskap wil dinge verklaar sonder 'n godBaie wetenskaplikes se oogmerk is om dinge te verklaar sonder God. Ongelukkig het selfs Christene hierop ingekoop, want die wetenskap en geloof moet kwansuis geskei word. Dit is bv Louw Alberts se siening – Die Bybel sê Wie geskep het en die wetenskap sê hoe). Hierdie benadering laat ‘n mens ook bv nie toe om in ‘n biologieklas sê dat God geskep het nie, want dit is nie wetenskap nie. Om wetenskaplik te wees, moet ‘n mens gaan soek na wetenskaplike verklarings oor hoe dinge ontstaan het sonder God. Iemand het bv op 'n keer gesê: “You may well be right; special creation is probably the truth and evolution is wrong. Nevertheless, evolution is science, and creation is religion, so only evolution should be taught in schools.” Doelbewuste ontkenning van GodEvolusie word gekies agv filosofiese redes, nie wetenskaplike redes nie. Die filosofiese redes is om alles te verklaar sonder God want as daar ‘n God is, moet ek seker gehoorsaam aan Hom wees. Julian Huxley het bv die volgende gesê: “Scientists jumped on Darwin’s Origin of Species because the idea of God was too restrictive to their sexual morals.” Die volgende aanhaling van Richard Lewontin spreek ook boekdele: “We take the side of science in spite of the patent absurdity of some of its constructs, in spite of its failure to fulfil many of its extravagant promises of health and life, in spite of the tolerance of the scientific community for unsubstantiated just-so stories, because we have a prior commitment, a commitment to materialism. It is not that the methods and institutions of science somehow compel us to accept a material explanation of the phenomenal world, but, on the contrary, that we are forced by our a priori adherence to material causes to create an apparatus of investigation and a set of concepts that produce material explanations, no matter how counter-intuitive, no matter how mystifying to the uninitiated. Moreover, that materialism is an absolute, for we cannot allow a Divine Foot in the door.” In die sterrekunde/astronomie kies wetenskaplikes doelbewus dat die aarde nie ‘n spesiale plek in die heelal het nie. Richard Gott sê bv: “The Copernican revolution taught us that it was a mistake to assume, without sufficient reason, that we occupy a privileged position in the Universe. Darwin showed that, in terms of origin, we are not privileged above other species. Our position around an ordinary star in an ordinary galaxy in an ordinary supercluster [the local group of galaxies] continues to look less and less special. The idea that we are not located in a special spatial location has been crucial in cosmology, leading directly to the [big bang theory]. In astronomy the Copernican principle works because, of all the places for intelligent observers to be, there are by definition only a few special places and many nonspecial places, so you are likely to be in a nonspecial place” En Stephen Hawking en George Ellis in The Large Scale Structure of Space-Time: “However we are not able to make cosmological models without some admixture of ideology. In the earliest cosmologies, man placed himself in a commanding position at the centre of the universe. Since the time of Copernicus we have been steadily demoted to a medium sized planet going round a medium sized star on the outer edge of a fairly average galaxy, which is itself simply one of a local group of galaxies. Indeed we are now so democratic that we would not claim that our position in space is specially distinguished in any way. We shall, following Bondi (1960), call this assumption the Copernican principle” Dit ten spyte van die feite/bewyse dat die aarde wel ‘n spesiale plek het. Edwin Hubble sê bv: “Such a condition [these red shifts] would imply that we occupy a unique position in the universe analogous, in a sense, to the ancient conception of a central earth. The hypothesis cannot be disproved but it is unwelcome. … But the unwelcome supposition of a favored location must be avoided at all costs. Such a favoured position, of course, is intolerable; moreover, it represents a discrepancy with the theory, because the theory postulates homogeneity [smoothness or evenness].” Kyk ook:
Geloof is nie polities korrek nieIn 'n humanistiese samelewing, in veral Westerse lande, waar die meeste ontwikkeling gedoen word, is dit nie polities korrek om Christenskap te bevoordeel nie. Die alternatief is dan om geloof uit alles uit te haal. (kyk bv ‘God’ uit Kovsies se leuse gehaal (Rapport, 2011-01-09))
Baie ateïste in die wetenskapswêreldGoed, evolusie mag moontlik aanvaar word agv filosofiese redes, maar hoeveel wetenskaplikes is daar wat hieraan skuldig is? Daar is mos seker baie wetenskaplikes wat Christene is, of hoe? Die volgende is aangehaal uit Dare to question the materialist high priests: ‘In 1996 historian Edward Larson and journalist Larry Witham repeated Leuba’s survey of scientists … The first results were nearly identical to those in Leuba’s 1914 survey: 40 percent of scientists-in-general still say they believe in a prayer-answering God and in personal immortality’ (p.85). ‘But in 1998 Larson and Witham repeated the survey for elite scientists, defined specifically (since the directory no longer gives stars to the greater scientists) as those who have been elected to membership in the National Academy of Sciences … Disbelief in supernatural theism among Academy members was over 90 percent, and for biologists it was 95 percent’ (p. 86). Ernst Mayr surveyed his own Harvard colleagues about their beliefs: ‘"It turned out we were all atheists", he recalls’ (p. 86). En weer iets oor diskriminasie uit dieselfde artikel: Peer-reviews for promotion and publication are dominated by the leading members of a scientific community. So are key positions as department heads and on editorial boards. Furthermore, there is a form of selection based on mentor relationships. A bright biology candidate with Christian convictions would consider carefully whether Harvard meets his or her needs. And an outspoken creationist is going to have a very difficult time rising in the academic ranks within elite universities without the support of an influential figure, which we know will generally be an evolutionist. Steve Weinberg sê ook bv.: “It’s a consequence of the experience of science. As you learn more and more about the universe, you find you can understand more and more without any reference to supernatural intervention, so you lose interest in that possibility. Most scientists I know don’t care enough about religion even to call themselves atheists. And that, I think, is one of the great things about science – that it has made it possible for people not to be religious.” Vir meer oor baie ateïste in die wetenskapswêreld, kyk ook:
Om objektief te wees is moeiliker as wat ‘n mens dink‘n Mens dink aan wetenskaplikes as mense wat baie objektief na data kyk en logiese, wetenskaplike gevolgtrekkings maak. Dit is egter baie keer nie waar nie. Ons elkeen dra brille (vooropgestelde idees) waardeur ons na dinge kyk. Kyk bv Fossil flip-flop.
Genesis 1-11 hoef nie letterlik geïnterpreteer te word nieBaie Christene maak vrede met evolusie en miljoene jare omdat baie kerkleiers nie Genesis 1-11 letterlik interpreteer nie. Ek dink egter die groot rede hoekom kerkleiers besluit het om Genesis 1-11 nie letterlik te interpreteer nie, is nie omdat argeologie of Bybelnavorsing dit wys nie, maar is juis om die Bybel met die “wetenskap” te versoen (terloops, daar is baie argeologie wat eerder die Bybel, insluitende die Ou Testament, bevestig). Daar word moontlik geglo dat die kerk in die verlede geglo het dat die aarde plat is en ek dink die kerk wil nie (weer) in so ‘n verleentheid kom om die “wetenskap” aan te vat en later verkeerd bewys te word nie. Terloops, die kerk het nooit gedink dat die aarde plat is nie. Slegs ’n paar eksentrieke karakters, yl versprei oor die laaste 20 eeue, het dit verkondig. Kyk:
Kyk ook:
Meerderheid verkeerdSommige mense redeneer dat die meeste wetenskaplikes aan evolusie en miljoene jare glo en daarom glo hulle ook daaraan. Daar is egter baie voorbeelde in die geskiedenis waar die meerderheid verkeerd was:
‘n Ander interessante punt: wat dink jy sal ‘n ateïs vir jou sê as jy vir hom sê hy is verkeerd omdat die meerderheid van mense op aarde aan ‘n god glo. Hy sal vir jou lag. ***************************** Daar is egter drie belangrike dinge wat onthou moet word:
Gevare van tropmentaliteitOp 14 Augustus 2011 het twee Albatros vliegtuie in 'n bergpiek naby Tzaneen in Limpopo vasgevlieg. 13 mense is dood. Die rede hoekom beide vliegtuie in die berg vasgevlieg het is: "Wanneer vliegtuie in formasie vlieg, volg die vlieëniers blindelings die formasieleier." Dit is so dat ons almal soms agter ander aanpraat en jy kan nie altyd alle feite vir jouself gaan kontroleer nie, maar in 'n belangrike onderwerp soos skepping vs evolusie het ons almal die verantwoordelikheid om na die inligting te gaan kyk en self te besluit wat jy oor die saak dink. Verwante artikels:
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Comments
-- Die evolusieteorie is nie die gevolg van die wetenskaplike proses nie, want daar is geen empiriese observasies gedoen wat die volgende wys nie
1) Dat lewe uit nie-lewe kan ontstaan
2) Dat lukrake genetiese mutasie kan lei tot toename in kompleksiteit.
3) Dat spesiasie plaasvind waarvolgens een spesie ontwikkel in een of meer ander spesie.
-- Die evolusieteorie is nie falsifiseerbaar nie omdat die wetenskaplike paradigma van evolusioniste die bestaan van 'n skepper ontken, en alle moontlike alternatiewe vir evolusie dus nie ondersoek kan word nie.
Aangesien evolusie nie aan die eise van die wetenskaplike proses voldoen nie en nie falsifiseerbaar is nie is dit 'n geloof. Niks meer en niks minder nie.